Railway cars comprising bodies having wide side access openings thereinto



J1me 1965 v E. L. DAVIS ETAL 3,190,239

RAILWAY CARS COMPRISING BODIES HAVING WIDE SIDE ACCESS OPENINGS THEREIN'IO 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. '7, 1963 INVENTORS EDWARD 1.. DA v/s ROBERT L. HASSENAUER ATTYS.

w ifiv A a 1 R June 22, 1965 E. DAVIS ETAL 3,190,239

- RAILWAY CARS COMPRISING BODIES HAVING WIDE SIDE ACCESS OPENINGS THEREINTO Filed Feb. '7, 1963 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 X wm w LL--- WW l I I l I l l I l I l l l l l I l l l l I l l I I l l l l I I 1 I I l I I I l l lldwwllll A mm 3 m 3 m ul- II- FL M W 0 vw R miimmmtx mmi rill-ii?? June 22, 1965 E. DAVIS ETAL 3,190,239

RAILWAY CARS COMPRISING BODIES HAVING WIDE SIDE ACCESS OPENINGS THEREINTO '7 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. 7, 1963 a 5m: Y I T m m T TQM moDuH 0 M 21 ER E w Y E. L. DAVIS ETAL June 22, 1965 3,190,239

RAILWAY CARS COMPRISING BODIES HAVING WIDE SIDE ACCESS OPENINGS THEREINTO 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Feb. 7, 1963 I771 lI/I/ II 4 f 2 l||| 1| ///A 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 bk R v u \k NM m6 Tl hm ll. A L mm 1 F 4 .I\ mm mm/ PW- R I I HJm H Tl June 1965 E. L. DAVIS ETAL RAILWAY CARS COMPRISING BODIES HAVING WIDE SIDE ACCESS OPENINGS THEREINTO Filed Feb. 7, 1963 INVENTORJ' EDWARD L. DAV/5 BY ROBERT L. HASSENAUER E. L. DAVIS ETAL RAILWAY CARS COMPRISING BODIES HAVING WIDE SIDE June 22, 1965 3,190,239

ACCESS OPENINGS THEREINTO 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Feb. 7, 1963 INVENTORS EDWARD L. DAV/.5 ROBERT L. HASSENAUER United States. Patent 3,190,239 RAILWAY CARS COMPRISING BQDIES HAVING WlDE SIDE ACCESS OPENINGS TEREENTO Edward L. Davis, Chicago, and Robert L. Hassenauer, Chicago Heights, 111., assignors to General American Transportation Corporation, Chicago, 11]., a corporation of New York Filed Feb.'7, 1963, Ser. No. 257,037 Claims. (Cl. 105-378) The present invention relates to railway cars comprising bodies having wide side access openings thereinto.

It is a general object of the invention to provide a railway car comprising a strong rigid hollow elongated boxlike framework, door and roof and end wall sheets carried by the framework and defining anelongated box lik'e body having open sides, and sets of side door-s carried by the opposite sides of the body and arranged selectively to open and to close the open sides thereof. 1 Another object of the invention is to provide a railway car of the character noted, wherein the framework thereof essentially comprises an elongated substantially rectangul-a-r rigid .underframe, an elongated substantially rectangular rigid roof frame disposed insuperimposed relation with the under-frame, and a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart sets of upstanding rigid side posts arranged between the undertrame and the roof frame, wherein each of the sets of side posts includes two laterally spaced-apart individual side posts respectively arranged adjacent to the opposite sides of the und-erframe and of the roof frame, and wherein the lower end of each of the side posts is rigidly secured to the adj'acentside of the underframe and the upper end of each of the side posts is rigidly secured to the adjacent side of the roof frame, whereby the fundamental strength and rigidity of the framework are established substantially independently of the floor and roof and end wall sheets.

Another object of the invention is to provide a railway car of the character described, wherein a plurality of Iongitudinally spaced-apart bay-s are thus defined within the body thereoi and between the end wall sheets, each bay being arranged between an adjacent pair of the sets. of side posts and provided with laterally spaced-apart openings at the opposite open sides of the body.

Another object of the invention is to provide a railway car of the character described, and further comprising a plurality of sets of supports respectively carried by the sets of side posts, each set of supports including a given number of individual supports arranged in a vertical tier and extending later-ally between the two individual side posts of the adjacent set of side posts, whereby each of the bays is adapted to receive lading arranged in a vertical tier and supported by the adjacent pair of the sets of supports above the floor.

Another object of the invention'is to provide a railway car of the character described, wherein the nndertrame thereof carries a floating draftbuif beam, the opposite ends of which carry the usual pair of draft gears, whereby the transmission of severe longitudinal shocks to the lading arranged in the vertical tiers in the bays within the body is greatly minimized, rendering the car capable of use in the transporting of delicate ladings, such as synthetic yarns, and the like.

A further object of the invention is to provide a railway car .body of elongated box-like configuration and having open sides and carrying sets of side doors on the opposite sides thereof, wherein each of the sets of side doors is carried jointly by lower rail structure adjacent to the lower portion of the adjacent side of the body and by upper rail structure adjacent to the upper portion of the adjacent side of the body, and wherein each of the sets of side 3,19%,239 Patented June 22, 1965 doors includes a plurality of first side doors of the plugsliding type and a plurality of second side doors of the simple sliding Itype, whereby each set of side doors is adapted to close the adjacent side of the body and to provide a doorway thereinto that may be located longitudinally therealong at any desired and convenient position between the opposi-te end-s of the body.

A further object of the invention is to provide a railway car body. of the character described, wherein each of the sets of side doors includes two of the first side doors and four of the second side doors, whereby the two first side doors in each set are operative to produce a composite doorway into the adjacent side of the body, and'wherein each side door in each set has a Width substantially equal to V! and the composite doorway into the adjacent side of the body has a Width substantially equal to 2W, and wherein each open side of the body has a length substantially equal to 6W, with the result that the composite doorway that may :be produced into each side of the body has a Width substantially equal to /3 of the lengthof the adjacent side opening into the body.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a railway car body of the character described, wherein nine longitudinally spaced-apart bays are arranged in the body between the opposite ends thereof, wherein each of the bays has laterally spaced apart openings thereinto at the opposite open sides of the body, and wherein each of the bays has a length L that is substantially equal to of the width W of each of the side doors, with the result that any adjacent three of the bays are accessible through either side of the body through the doorway produced in the adjacent side of the body when the side doors in the adjacent set occupy their open positions and are selectively adjusted longitudinally along the associated lower and upper track structure-s properly to locate the doorway into the adjacent side of the body.

Further features of the invention pertain to the particular construction and arrangement of the elements of the railway car, whereby the above outlined and additional ope-rating features thereof are attained.

The invention, both as to its organization and method of operation, together with further objects and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGURE .1 is a side elevational view of a railway car embodying the present invention and including an elongated box like body having open sides and carrying sets of side doors on the opposite sides thereof; each side door set including two first side doors each of the plug-sliding type and tour second side doors each of the simple sliding type, whereby the side doors on each side of the body may be operated completely to close the associated side of the body, and whereby the side doors on each side of the body may be operated to produce a wide side doorway at any desired longitudinal position along the entire length of the associated side of the body;'

FIG. 2 is a side elcvational view of the railway car, 7

FIG. 5 is an enlargedfragmentary vertical sectional view of the floating draft-buff beam structure, as shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary side elevational view of the right central portion of the body of the railway car, as shown in FIG. 1, and illustrating one'of the first plug-sliding side doors and the adjacent one of the second simple sliding side doors; a

FIG. 7 is a greatly enlarged horizontal sectional view of the overlapped joint between two of thefirst plugsliding side doors in their closed positions, this view being taken in the direction of the arrows along the line 7-7 in FIG. 6; r

FIG. 8 is a greatly enlarged horizontal sectional view of the overlapped joint between one of the first plugsliding side doors and one of the second simple sliding side doors in their closed positions, this view being taken .in the direction of t-hearrows along the line 8-8 in FIG. 6; H

FIG. 9 is a greatly enlarged horizontal sectional view of the overlapped joint between two of the second simple sliding side doors in their closed positions, this view being taken in the direction of the arrows along the line 9-9 in FIG. 10 is an enlarged vertical lateral sectional view of the railway car, this View being taken in the direction of the arrows along the line 10-10 in FIG. 6;

FIG. 11 is a further enlarged fragmentary vertical lateral sectional view of one of the first plug-sliding doors, this view being taken in the direction of the arrows along the line 11-11 in FIG. 6;

' FIG. 12 is a further enlarged fragmentary vertical lateral sectionalview of one of the second simplesliding doors, this view being taken in the direction of the arrows along the line 12-12 in FIG. 6; Y

FIG. 13 is a reduced fragmentary horizontal sectional view of the upper portion of the right-hand end of the railway car body, this view being taken in the direction of the arrows along the line 13-13 in FIG. 10;

I FIG. 14 is a greatly enlarged plan view of a detail of the railway car body of FIG. 13,, this view being taken 'within the circle designated 14 therein;

. FIG. 15 is a greatly enlarged vertical lateral sectional view of this detail, this view being taken in the direction of the arrows along the line 15-15 in FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a greatly enlarged vertical lateral sectional view, similar to FIG. 15, of another detail of the railway car body of FIG. 13, this view being taken in the direction of the arrows along the line 16-16 therein;

FIG. 17 is a reduced fragmentary horizontal sectional 'view of the lower right-hand end portion of the railway 'car body, this'view being taken in the direction of the arrows along the line 17-17 in FIG.10;

FIG. "18 is 'a fragmentary horizontal sectional view of the lower central portion of the railway car body, FIG.

18 being similar to FIG. 17; and a V FIG. 19 is agreatly enlarged vertical lateral sectional view of another detail of the railway car body, this view being taken in the direction of the arrows along the line 19-19 in FIG. 17.

Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, the railway car 20 there illustrated, and embodying the features of the prestion.

a resilient unit 42 ,operatively connected between the;

cut invention, is especially adapted to transport synthetic yarn or other delicate lading, as explained more fully hereinafter, whereby the same comprises a strong rigid underframe 21, as best shown in FIGS. 3, 4,5, 10, 17, 18

and 19.. The underframe 21 essentially comprises an elongated longitudinally extending center sill 22 that in cludes a pair of'laterally'spaced-apart elements 23 in the form of channels, a pairof elongated longitudinally extending side sills 24 each in the'form of a channel, a pair of'laterally extendingend sills 25 each in the form of a channel, and a pair of longitudinally,spaced-apart and laterally'extending body bolsters 26 an'd 27, the body bolsters 26 and 27 being respectively arranged longitudinally inwardly with respect to the adjacent end sills 25,- 'The outer ends of the center sill elements 23 are rigidly secured to the adjacent portions of the end sills 25; the outer ends of the body bolsters -26and 27 are rigidly secured to the adjacent portions of the side sills 24; the inner ends'of the body bolsters 26 and 27 are...

rigidly secured to the adjacent portions of the center sill elements 23; and the outer ends of the side sills'24 are respectively'rigidly secured to the adjacent endsv of the end sills 25. The two center sill elements 23 are further ri idly secured to the respectively adjacent side sills 24 f' by two sets of longitudinally spaced-apart and laterally extending cross bearers 28, each in the form ofa' channel.

Also, the center sill. elements 23.a re rigidly secured'together adjacent to the lower central portions thereof by a plurality of longitudinally spaced-apart and laterally extending ties 29, each in the form of a channel.

truck bolsters, not shown, of a pair of trucks, respectively indicated at 32 and 33 in..FIGS. 1 and 2. Each of the trucks 32 and'33 carries flanged wheels '34 of standard gauge supported by track rails, indicated at35' in'FIGS. 1 and 2.

A centrally disposed elongated longitudinally extend-f ing opening is provided through the underframe 21, and particularly through the end sills 25 andthe 'body bolsters 2 6 and 27 and between the elements 23 of the center; sill. 22; and in this opening there is slidably supported an. elongated longitudinally extending rigid draft-buff beam 40, the opposite outer ends of which project outwardly beyond the end sills 25 and respectively carry a pair of striker plates 41. The beam 40 is supported upon the ties 29, as best shown in FIGS. 10 and 17, and is opera tively connected to the underframe 22 by cushioning mechanism of any suitable form, whereby the underframe 22 is of the cushioned'type. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the illustrated cushioning mechanism is of the .Waugh type, but the same may be of the Bendix, or

other type, the Waugh type cushioning mechanism being illustrated' only forthe purpose of the present specifica- Specifically, such mechanism essentially comprises body bolster 26 and the beam 40, and a snubber unit 43 operatively connected between the body bolster 27 and. the beam 40; whereby the mechanism accommodates limited longitudinal cushioned and controlledfrelative .rnovements between the rigid beam 40 and the rigid underframe 21, thereby to prevent the transmission of I severe longitudinal draft and buff shocks between the 1 beam 40 and the underframe 21, in the usual manner.

Since the units 42' and 43 are of conventional construct1on and arrangement, the constructional details thereof are not further described herein in the interest of brevity;

The opposite endsof the beam 40 are hollow and carry gears 44 of conventional construction and resilient draft arrangement; and the draft gears 44 are operatively connected to coupler devices 45,-also of conventional con- Ztrucionand arrangement; all as illustrated in FIGS.

The 'railwaycar 20 also comprises a strong rigidroof frame 50, as best shown in FIG. 10. The roof frame 50 essentially comprisesa' pair of elongated longitudinally extending slde members 51,.each in the form of a channel,gand aipair of laterally extending .end'rnembers 52;.

each inthe form of a channel. "Theouter ends of the side members 51 are, rigidly secured to the adjacent ends of the end members 52. Thus, the underframe 21 and the roof frame 50 arei of substantially identical rectangular configuration; and the roof frame 50 is arranged in superimposed relation with the underframell'. I

j Further, the-railway'ca'r. 20 comprises a"plurality,of

longitudinally spaced-apart sets of upstanding rigid side,

posts 53, each set'inclu'cling twollaterally spaced apart individual side posts 53 arranged on opposite sides of the car. 20, and each side postg53 being in the formiof a r channel; which side posts 53 rigidly join together the underframe 21 and the roof frame 59 to form a rigid hollow skeleton-like framework. As best shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, ten sets of the side posts 53 are arranged in sub-. stantially equally longitudinally spaced-apart relation to provide nine longitudinally spaced-apart bays 54 between the underframe 21 and the roof frame 561 and within the framework mentioned.

As best shown in FIGS. 10, 17, 18 and 19, the lower end of each of the side posts 53 is rigidly secured, as by welding, to the adjacent interior portion of the web of the adjacent one of the side sills 24; and ,as best shown in FIGS. 2 and 10, the pedestal of each side post 53 is rigidly secured to a gusset plate 55 that is, in turn, rigidly secured to the top of the adjacent one of the side sills 24. As best shown in FIGS. 10, 13, 14, 15 and 16, the upper end of each of the side posts 53 is rigidly secured, as by welding, to the adjacent interior portion of the web of the adjacent one of the side members 51; and as best shown in FIGS. 2 and 10, the capital of each side post 53 is rigidly secured to a gusset plate 56 that is, in turn, rigidly secured to the bottom of the adjacent one of the side members 51.

In order further to rigidity the framework, the lower portions of the six central side posts 53 on each side of the underframe 21 are rigidly secured to the adjacent ones of the side sill elements 23 by longitudinally spacedapart and laterally extending auxiliary side bearers 57, as shown in FIGS. 17, 18 and 19, each auxiliary side bearer 57 being in the form of an I-beam.- Also, the underframe 21 is reinforced by a number of diagonal ties 58. Each tie 58 is rigidly secured at the outer end thereof to a gusset plate 59 and at the inner end thereof to a gusset plate 64). The gusset plates 59 and 60 are arranged in staggered relation, each gusset plate 59 being rigidly secured to the lower portion of one of the side posts .53, and each gusset plate 69 being rigidly secured to the adjacent one of the center sill elements 23. In the center of the underframe 21 two of the ties 53 are disposed in crossing relation and are rigidly secured together by a gusset plate 61, as shown inFIG. 18. In the at rangement, the ties 58 are disposed below the cross bearers 28 and are rigidly secured thereto, so as further to unify the underframe 21. In order further to rigidify the framework, the upper portions'of the sets of side posts 53 are rigidly secured together by longitudinally spaced-apart and laterally extending rafters of beams 62, as shown in FIGS. 13, 14, 1'5 and 16, each beam 62 being in the form of a channel. Each end of each beam 62 is by a plurality of ties 65 and 66 arranged in crossing relation with each other. Each tie 65 is continuous, and each tie 66 is in two complementary sections; and a center plate 67 is arranged rigidlyto secure together the midportion of each tie 65 and the inner ends of the two sections of each crossing tie 66. The outer ends of the ties 65 and 66 are rigidly secured to the adjacent ends of the beams 62 by angle brackets 68 arranged therebetween.

The top of the underframe 21 carries a floor sheet 69, and the top of the roof framejSQ carries a roof sheet 7 9, as best shown in FIG. 10. Further, the endsof the framework are closed by two upstanding bodyend sheets 71. Referring to FIGS. 13 andl6, the bottom of each body end sheet 71 is rigidly secured to the adjacent end sill 25 and the top of each body end sheet 71 is rigidly secured to the adjacent end member 52. Also two upstanding lading chamber end sheets 72 are respectively secured to the outermost sets of side posts 53, as shown in FIG. 16,

' whereby the total lading chamber defined in the framework by the floor sheet as, the roof sheet 70 and the lading chamber end sheets 72 is somewhat shorter than the distance between the body end sheets 71; whereby it is this lading chamber that comprises the nine bays 54, as previously described. Further, the top of the roof sheet 76 carries a plurality of longitudinally spaced-apart and laterally extending external carlines 73, as best shown in FIG. 10 and 13 and the central portions of the carlines 73 carry a longitudinally extending catwalk 74 for the usual purpose.

'Recapitula-t-ing, the composite lading chamber that is defined inthe framework by the floor sheet 69, the roof sheet 70 and the end sheets 72 is of elongated box-like configuration and having open sides and including nine longitudinally spaced-apart bays 54, each having openings thereinto at the opposite open sides of the car body thus produced. The end spaces disposed at each end of the car body between the adjacent upstanding end sheets 72 and 71 are closed at the sides thereof by associated side panels 75, as indicated in FIGS. 1 and 16. Each of the bays 54 is disposed between an adjacent pair of the sets of side posts 53; each of the bays has a length L; and the opposite sides of each of the bays 54 opens to the exterior through the opposite open sides of the car body. Thus, the total length of the lading compartment between the end sheets 72 is substantially equal to 9L, as explained more fully hereinafter, and as indicated in FIG. 1.

Referring now to FIGS. 1, 6, 11 and 12, the opposite sides of the car body respectively carry two sets of'side doors; and each set of side doors comprises two individual side doors 8% each of the plug-sliding type, and four individual side doors 9%, each of the simple sliding type. When each set of side doors occupies its closed position, the six individual side doors therein completely close the adjacent side of the car body, and thus the corresponding adjacent ends of the nine bays 54. In the arrangement, each of the side doors 8% and 9% has a width substantially equal to W; whereby the set of side doors has an overall width substantially equal to 6W; and 6W is substantially equal to 9L, or the overall length of the nine bays 54 of the lading chamber in the car body, as indicated in FIG. 1. Thus, as explained more fully below, when the two plugsliding side doors 80 of each set occupy their open positions, a composite doorway is formed in the adjacent side of the car body having an overall width substantially equal to 2W; and 2W is substantially equal to 31., or the composite length of three adjacent ones of the bays 54. By adjustment of the longitudinal positions of the four'simple sliding doors 90, this composite doorway may be located at any desired longitudinal position along the length of the adjacent side of the car body, thereby to render readily accessible from the exterior, the adjacent openings into any three adjacent ones of the nine bays 54. These considerations will be better understood from the further descriptions of the individual side doors 3t and 9% appearing below.

Referring now to FIGS. 6, 11 and 12, each side of the car body carries elongated longitudinally extending lower track structure 10% disposed adjacent to the corresponding side of the floor sheet 69, and elongated longitudinally extending upper track structure 11% disposed adjacent to the corresponding side or" the roof sheet 70. The lower track structure essentially comprises the side sill 24; and specifically, a bottom rail 191 is rigidly secured to the top surface of the bottom flange of the side sill 24; and the top flange of the side sill 24 constitutes a top rail 192. Further, the lower surface of the top flange of the side sill '24 carries a weather strip 103. The upper track structure lltl essentially comprises the side member 51; a boteach side door 90 is mounted upon the rails 102, 111.

Referirng now to FIGS. 6 and 11, each of the plugsliding side doors 80 is structurally of a conventional type (Youngstown type), comprising a substantially rectangular body, including a flat inner sheet 81 and a corrugated outer sheet 82 rigidly secured together,'and a pair of longitudinally spaced-apart upstanding supporting rods 83, each mounted for rotation in upper and lower hearing members 84 and 85 carried by the door body respectively adjacent to the upper and lower edges thereof. The upper and lower ends of each rod 83 carry upper'and lower bell-crank arms 86 and 87; the lower arm 87 is pivo-tally mounted upon a bracket 88 that carries a roller 89that engages the bottom lower rail 1&1; and the upper arm 86 carries a roller 121 that is positioned behind the top upper track 112 and in cooperating relation therewith. In the side door'80, a weather strip 122 is carried bythe top of the outer sheet 82 and disposed in cooperating relation with the bottom upper rail 111, a weather strip 123 is carried by the top of the inner sheet 81 and disposed in cooperating relation with the weather strip 113, and the bottom of the outer sheet 82 is disposed in cooperating relation with the weather strip 103. The two rods 83 carried by each side door 89, carrytwo handles 124 that commonly cooperate with a keeper 125 carried by the outer sheet 82, .as indicated in FIG. 1.

It will be understood that each side door 80 of the plugsliding type is thus mounted for lateral movements be tween an in position,as shown in FIG. 11, and an out position, not shown. In its in position, the side door 80 is positioned in an inner plane tarranged immediately adjacent to the side of the car body; and in its out position, the side door Stl'is positioned in an outer plane arranged outwardly from the adjacent inner plane mentioned; which inner plane is common to the mounting plane of the simple sliding doors 90; and which outer plane is outwardly from the mounting plane of the simple sliding doors 90.

In order to actuate one of the in position of FIGS. 1 and 11 into its out position, the two handles 124 are separated from the keeper 125 and rotated away from each other, causing corresponding rotation of the rods 83in the bearings 84'and .85 and consequently pivoting or swinging of the armsS and 87, with the result that the side door 80 is moved laterally outwardly from its in position into its out position, in a conventional manner. Of course, the side door 80 maybe actuated fromits out position back into'its in position by opposite rotation of the handles 124.

side doors 80 from its strip 113; and'a pair .of guides 97 are carried'bythe bottom of the outer sheet 92 in cooperating relationwith.

the weather strip 103.] Further, a pair of hand-grasps 98 are carried by the outer sheet 92 to facilitate movement of the side door, 90; and latch mechanism, not shown, is carried by the side'door 90 adjacent to the bottom thereof for restraining the same in any adjusted position thereof; 5

which latch mechanism mentioned is provided with a'trip handle 99,-as indicated in FIG.-6.

It will be understood that each side door 90 of the simple sliding type is thus mounted for longitudinal sliding or rolling movements in either direction in the adjacent inner plane at the corresponding side of the car body and under or below the side doors 80 in their out positions;

wherebythe composite doorway produced by the two. side doors 80in the'adjacent side of the car body may;

be located longitudinally therealong at the desired position between the endwalls 72, with the result that the com% posite doorway may be located immediately adjacent to any three adjacent ones of the bays 54 to facilitate convenient loading and unloading of lading'with respect thereto.

Aspreviously noted, each set of side doors is movable into a closed position to close the adjacent side 'of the car body; whereby the individual pairs of side doors 90,

80 and 9t} occupy the positions, as shown in FIGS. 1 i I and 6. Thus',the right-hand side of the left side door 80 is overlapped by the left-hand side. of the right'side door -80, as shown in FIG; 7; and the joint therebetweenis rendered water-tight by a resilientgasket 130 carried by the right-hand flange 131 of the left side door 80 and; overlappedrby the left-hand flange 132 of the, right side door 80. Similarly, the right-hand side of theright side door 80 overlaps the left-hand side of the adjacent right side door 90, as shownin FIG. 8; and the'joint therebetween is rendered water-tight'by a resilient gasket133 I carried by the left-hand flange 134 of the adjacent side When the handles occupy their in positions in the 7 associated keeper 125 they may be sealed in the usual manner, so as to prevent undetected operation thereof into their unlocked or opening positions. 7 7

When the two side doors in each set occupy their out positions, they are disposed in the adjacent outer plane, so that they may then be slid or rolled longitudinal ly in either direction over the adjacent simple sliding side doors disposed in the adjacent inner'plane, thereby to produce the composite doorway having a width 2W into the adjacent side of the car body, as previously noted.

Referring now to FIGS. 6 and 12, each of the simple sliding side doors 90 is structurally of a conventional type (Youngstown type) comprising a substantially rectangular body, including a flat inner sheet 91 and a corrugated outer sheet 92 rigidly secured together. The lower edge of the side door 80 is hollow and encloses a pair of longitudinally spaced-apart brackets 93 that c arry rollers 94 that engage the top lower rail 102; and the upper edge of the outer sheet'91 carries a guide-weather-strip cooperating relation therewith. In the side door 90, a

[door 90 and'overlapped by the right-hand flange 135 of the right side door 80. Similarly, the right-hand side of the left side door 90 is overlapped by' the left-hand side,

of the rightside door 90, as shown in FIG. 9; and the joint therebetween is rendered substantially water-tightby the projection of the right-hand flange 136 of theleft side door 90 below the left-hand flange 137 of the right side ,door 90 and over a weather flange 138 carried by.

the left-hand flange 137 of the right side door 90.

Referring now to FIGS. 6 and 10, each set-of the side. posts 53 carries three verticallyspaced-apart andtaligned 5 pairs of brackets 140, between which three laterally ex tending shelf-like supports 141 are arranged in a vertical tier, thereby to accommodate the support of lading in three layers in each bay 50 and above the floor sheet 69,- As indicated in FIG. 6, the laterally extending shelf-like supports 141 carried by' the brackets maycarry longitudinally spanning shelf-like supports 142 in each 'bay 54 for the purpose of supporting lading 143 in three layers in a vertical tier in each bay 54. 'Alternatively,

the lading 143 itself may be in the form of, elongated spools 143 in theentire body of the car 20. The last mentioned arrangement is very advantageous in transganic filaments or yarns, such as nylon.

porting spools (referred 'to as beams) of synthetic or- The arrangement of the sets of sidedoors carried by 1 the car'body is very advantageous, since any three adjacent bays 54 may be readily loaded or unloaded with.

' respect to the spools 143 from either desired side of weather strip 96 is carried by the top of the inner sheet 91 and disposed in cooperation relation with the weather tthecar 20 and at each level in each by 54 through a conveniently located and adjacent doorway. The arspool-like objects that may directly'span the bay 54 longia rangement of the supports of the spools 143 in the three levels mentioned is feasible due to the provision of the strong rigid framework of the car-'20, independently of any support or rigidity therein by side or end walls. In other words, the strong rigid underframe 21 and the strong rigid roof frame 50 are rigidly secured together by the strong rigid side posts or columns 53 to producethe strong rigid framework; whereby the-heavy spools 143 may be supported by the adjacentsets of side posts 53 in the adjacent bays 54 and above the floor sheet 69, without undue strain upon the framework or damage of the yarn carried by the spools 143. In passing, it is mentioned that a spool 143 of such yarn may have a weight in the general range 1,500 pounds to 2,000 pounds, whereby the support of the .total weight of this lading in such high position is possible only by virtue of the unitary construction of the entire framework, produced by the complete integration of the underframe 21 and the roof frame 50 into one unit, as previously described. Also, the provision of the cushioned underframe 21 (the Waugh equipment) is very advantageous to minimize relative movements of the spools, 143 during transit of the car 20, since such construction prevents transmission of severe longitudinal draft and buff shocks between the draft-buff beam 40 and the underframe proper 21, and thus the framework and the car body, in a well-known manner.

In a constructional example of the railway car 20: the

underframe 21 may have a total length over the end sills 25 of 66'-10"; a total length over the striker plates 41 carried by the draft-buff beam 40 of 7l'-3%"; a height between the tops of the rails and the tops of the side sills 24 of 3-6"; a height between the. tops of the rails 35 and the tops of the side members 51 of 14'-3%"; and a width between the inner surfaces of the webs of the side sills 24 of 8-6%". Each of the bays 54 may have the length L of approximately 7'; and each of the side doors 80 and 90, may have the width W of approximately 10-6". The other dimensions of the car 20 may be related to those noted above in the approximate scales of the drawings.

In the construction of the car 20 the component elements thereof are made of steel of required grades in accordance with the necessary strength, rigidity, etc., thereof; and in general, the major components are rigidly secured together utilizing welded joints to maximize strength and rigidity thereof; all in a well-known manner.

In view of the foregoing it is apparent that there has been provided a railway car comprising a unitary framework of an underframe and a roof frame and sets of side posts, whereby the framework is of strong rigid structure independently of wall sheets. Also, the framework carries a floor sheet and a roof sheet and a pair of end sheets, thereby to define a body having open sides. 'Further, the opposite sides of the framework or body carry two side door sets, each including both a pair of side doors of the plug-sliding type and a plurality of other side doors of the simple sliding type; whereby a doorway may be provided in either side of the body and located at any desired longitudinal position therealong, so as to accommodate ready loading and unloading of lading with respect to any portion of the lading chamber defined in the body through either side thereof and via an immediately adjacent and convenient doorway there into.

While there has been described what is at present considered to be the preferred embodiment of the invention, it will be understood that various modifications may be made therein, and it is intended to cover in the appended claims all such modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.

What is claimed is: p a

1. A railway car body comprising a substantially rec tangular floor, a substantially rectangular roof arranged in superimposed relation with said floor, a pair ofupstanding end walls respectively arranged at the opposite ends of said body, each of said end walls joining both the adjacent end of said floor and the adjacent end of said roof, whereby said body is of elongated box-like configuration and having a pair of opposed sides that are open substantially between said end walls, a pair of elongated longitudinally extending lower rail structures respectively carried by the opposite lower side portions of said body adjacent to the opposite sides of said floor and respectively extending substantially between said end Walls, a pair of elongated longitudinally extending upper rail structures respectively carried by the opposite upper side portions of said body adjacent to the opposite sides of said roof and respectively extending substantially be- 7 tween said end walls, and two sets of upstanding side doors respectively arranged at the opposite open sides of said body and respectively carried by the adjacent ones of said upper and lower rail structures, each of said sets of side doors including a plurality of individual first side doors of the plug-sliding type and a plurality of individual second side doors of the simple sliding type, each of said first side doors being mounted upon the adjacent ones of said upper and lower rail structures for lateral movements between"in and out positions respectively disposed in corresponding inner,v and outer upstanding planes at the adjacent open side of said body, each of said first side doors in its out position also being mounted upon the adjacent ones of said upper and lower rail structures for longitudinal movementsutherealong in either direction in the adjacent outer plane, each of said second side doors being mounted upon the ad'- jacent ones of said upper and lower rail structures for longitudinal movements therealong in either direction in the adjacent inner plane, in each of said sets the ad'- jacent ones of said first side doors in their in? positions in the adjacent inner plane cooperatingwith each other and with the adjacent ones of said second side doors in the adjacent inner plane to close the adjacent open' side of said body, said first side doors in their out positions being movable longitudinally in the adjacent outer plane into covering relation with corresponding adjacent ones of said second side doors in the adjacent inner plane so as to produce a composite doorway into the adjacent open side of said body, each of said second side doors being selectively movable longitudinally in the adjacent inner plane under the adjacent ones of said first side doors in their outlpositions in the adjacent outer plane so as to locate the composite side doorway into the adjacent open side of said body at any longitudinal position therealong between said end walls, whereby Iading may be readily placed and removed with respect to said body at any longitudinal position therealong and from either open side thereof through an immediately adjacent and convenient composite 'side doorway thereinto.

2. The railway car body set forth in claim 1, wherein each of said sets of side doors comprises 2 of said first side doors and 4 of said second side doors, each of said of said body is substantially equal to 6W, whereby the composite doorway that may be produced in either side of said body has a width substantially equal to' 2W and is thus substantially equal to /3 of the length of the adjacent open side of said body.

3. A railway car body comprising a substantially rectangular floor, a substantially rectangular roof arranged in superimposed relation with said floor, appair of upstanding end walls respectively arranged at the opposite ends of said body, each of said end walls joining both the adjacent end of said floor and the adjacent end of said roof, whereby said body is of elongated box-like configuration andhaving a pair of opposed sides that are .open substantially between said end walls, a plurality .of substantially equally longitudinally spaced-apart sets of upstanding rigid side posts arranged between said floor and said roof, each of said sets ofiside posts' ineluding two laterally spaced-apart individual side posts respectively arranged adjacent to the opposite. sides of said floor and of said-roof, the lower end of each of said side posts being rigidly secured to the adjacent side of said floor and the upper end of each of said side posts being rigidly secured'to the adjacent side. of 'said roof, whereby the interior of said body includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced-apart bays respectively disposed between adjacent pairs of said sets of side posts and pro- -vided withlaterally spaced-apart side openings 'at the opposite open sides of said body, a pair of elongated side portions of said body adjacent to the opposite sides,

of saidroof and respectively extending substantially between said end walls, and two sets of upstanding side doors respectively arranged at the opposite open sides of said body and'respectively carried by the adjacent ones of said upper and lower rail structures, each of said sets of side doors including a plurality of individual first side doors of the plug-sliding type and a pluralityof individual second side doors of the simple sliding type, each of said first side doors'being'mountedupon the, adjacent ones of said upper and lowerrail structures for lateral. move-V mentsbetween in and out positions respectivelydisposed in corresponding inner and outer upstanding planes at the adjacent open side-of said body, each of said first side doors in its out position also .being mounted upon the adjacent ones of said upper and lower rail structures for longitudinal movements therealong in either direction in the adjacent outer plane, each of said second side doors being mounted upon the adjacent ones of said upper and lower, rail structures 'for longitudinal movements therealong in either direction in the adjacent inner plane, in each of said sets the adjacent onesof said first side doors in their in? positionsin the adjacent inner plane cooperating with each other and with the adjacent ones of said second side doors in-the adjacent inner plane to close the adjacent open side of said body, said first side doors intheir. out positions being movable longitudinally in the adjacent outer plane into 'covering relation with corresponding adjacent ones of said second side doors in the adjacent inner plane so as to produce a composite doorway into the adjacent open side of said body, each of said'second side doors being selectively movable longitudinally in the adjacent inner'plane under the adjacent ones of said first side doors in their out" positions in the adjacent outer plane so as to locate the composite side doorway into the adjacent open side of said body'at any longitudinal position therealong between said end-walls, each of said sidedoors having a width that is substantially equal to W, whereby the composite doorway that may be produced in either open side of said body has a width substantially equal to 2W, each of said bays having a lengthbetween the adjacent pair of said sets of side posts that is substantially equal to L, wherein 2W is at least as great as L, whereby lading may be readily placed and removed withrespect to any one of saidbays through an immediately adjacent and con- ,venient compositeside doorway thereinto at either open side of said body. 7 r A a 4. The railway car body set forth in claim 3; wherein 2W is substantially equal-to 3L, whereby lading may be readily placed and removed with respect to any three adjacent ones of said bays through a common and immediately adjacent and convenientcomposite side doorway thereinto at either open side 'of said body.

5. The railway car body set'forth in claim 3, wherein said body comprises 9 of said: bays, each of said sets of side doors comprises 2 of said first side doors and 4 of said second side doors, and W is substantially equal to, 1= /2L, whereby lading may be readily placed and removed with, respect to any three adjacent ones of said bays through a common and immediately adjacent and con-, venient composite side doorwaythercinto at either open a side of said body. 7 a 1 7 6. A railway car body comprising a' substantially rectangular floor, a substantially rectangular roof arranged in superimposed relation'with said floor,- a pair of upstanding end walls respectively arranged at the opposite ends of said body, each of said end walls joining ,both

the adjacent endof said floor and the adjacentend of saidl roof, whereby said body is of 'elongatedbox-like configuration and having apair of opposed sides that are open substantially between said end walls, a plurality, of a substantially equally longitudinally spaced-apart, sets of. upstanding rigid side posts arranged, between said floor, and said roof, reach of said :sets of; side posts including 1 two laterally spaced-apart individual side-posts respectively arranged adjacent to the opposite sidesof said floor, and of said roof, the lower end of each'of said side posts being rigidly secured to the adjacent side of said floor and the upper end of each of said, side postsbeing rigidly secured to the adjacent side of said roof, whereby; the interior of said body includes a plurality of longitudi-' nally spaced-apart bays respectively disposed between ad: I jacent pairs of said sets of side posts and provided with laterally spaced-apart side openings at the opposite open sides of said body, a plurality of sets of ,supports respee,-: tively jointly carried by said'sets of side posts, each of said sets of supports including a given'number of in,-

dividual supports arrangedlin a vertical tier and extending laterally between the two side posts of the adjacent set of side posts, whereby each of said bays is adapted to receive lading arrangedin a vertical tier and supported by the adjacent pair of said sets of supports and above said floor, apair of elongated longitudinally extending lower rail; structures respectively carried by the opposite lower side portions of said body adjacent to the opposite sides of said floor and respectively extending substantially between-said end walls, a pair of elongated longitudinally extending upper rail structures respectively carried by the opposite upper side portions of said body adjacent to the opposite sides of said roof and respectively extending substantially between said'end walls, and two sets of upstanding side doors respectivelyarranged atthe opposite open sidesjof saidbody and respectively carried by the adjacent ones of said upper and lower rail structures, each of said sets of side-doors including a pluralityiof individual first side doors of the plug-sliding type and a plurality. of individual second side doors of, the simple t sliding type, each of said first side doors being mounted upon the adjacent ones of said upper and lower rail struc- V tur'es for lateral movements'between in and ;ou positions respectively disposed in .correspondingflinner and, outer upstanding planes atrthe adjacent open side .of said body, each of said first'side doors in its out position'also being mounted upon the adjacent ones of said upper and lower rails structures for longitudinal movements therealong in either direction in the adjacent outer plane, each of said second side doors being mounted upon the adjacent ones of said upper and lower railstructures for longitudinal movements therealong in either direction in the adjacent innerplane, in each of said sets the-'adja-f cent ones of said first side doors in their in positions in the adjacent'inner plane cooperating witheach other-- and with-theadjacent ones of saidsecond'side doors in the adjacent inner plane'to close the adjacentopen side of said body, said first side doors in their ou positions being movable longitudinally in theadjacent outer-plane into covering relation with corresponding adjacent onesof said second side doors in the adjacent inner plane so 13 as to produce a composite doorway into the adjacent open side of said body, each of said second side doors being selectively movable longitudinally in the adjacent inner plane under the adjacent ones of said first side doors in their out positions in the adjacent outer plane so as to locate the composite side doorway into the adjacent open side of said body at any longitudinal position therealong between said end walls, eachtof said side doors having a width that is substantially equal to W, whereby the composite doorway that may be produced in either open side of said body has a width substantially equal to 2W, each of said bays having a length between the adjacent pair of said sets of side posts that is substantially equal to L, wherein 2W is at least as great as L, whereby lading may be readily placed and removed with respect to the vertical tier in any one of said bays through an immediately adjacent and convenient composite side doorway thereinto at either open side of said body.

7. A railway car comprising an elongated substantially rectangular rigid underframe including a pair of longitudinally extending side sills and a pair of laterally extending end sills, an elongated substantially rectangular rigid roof frame including a pair of longitudinally extending side members anda pair of laterally extending end members, said roof frame being arranged in superimposed spaced-apart sets ofupstanding rigid side posts arranged between said underframe and said roof frame, each of said sets of side posts including two laterally spaced-apart individual side posts respectively arranged adjacent to the opposite sides of said underframe and of said roof frame, the lower end of each of said side posts being rigidly secured to the adjacent one of said side sills and the upper end of each of said side posts being rigidly secured to the adjacent one of said side members, whereby said side posts unify said under-frame and said roof frame to produce a strong skeleton-like hollow framework, a floor carried by said underframe, a roof carried by said roof frame, a pair of upstanding endtwalls respectively arranged at the opposite ends of said framework, each of said end walls being jointly carried by the adjacent one of said end sills and the adjacent one of said end members, whereby said floor and said roof and said end walls cooperate to produce a body carried by said framework, said body being of elongated box-like configuration and having a pair of opposed sides that are open substantially -relation with saidunderframe, a plurality of longitudinally in the adjacent inner plane cooperating with each other and with the adjacent ones of said second side doors in the adjacent inner plane to close-the adjacent open side of said body, said first side doors in their on positions being movable longitudinally in the adjacent outer plane into covering relation with corresponding adjacent ones of said second doors in the adjacent inner plane so as to produce a composite side doorway into the adjacent open side of said body, each of said second side doors being, selectively movable longitudinally in the adjacent inner plane under the adjacent ones of said first side pairs of said sets of side posts and provided with la'terally spaced-apart openings at the opposite open sides of said body; and further comprising a plurality of sets of sup- 7 ports respectivelycanied by said sets of side posts, each 1 of said sets of supports including a given number of inside sills and a plurality of longitudinally spaced-apart and laterally extending'cross bearers interconnecting said center sill andtsaid side sills; and further comprising a pluduce said strong skeleton-like hollow framework.

between said end walls, a pair of elongated longitudinally extending lower rail structures respectively carried by said side sills adjacent to the opposite sides of said floor and respectively extending substantially between said end walls, a pair of elongated longitudinally extending upper rail structures respectively carried by said side members adjacent to the opposite sides of said roof and respectively extending substantially between said end walls, and two sets of upstanding side doors respectively arranged at the opposite open sides of said body and respectively carried by the adjacent ones of said upper and lower rail structures, each of said sets of side doors including a plurality of individual first side doors of the plug-sliding type and a plurality of individual second side doors ofthe simple sliding type, each of said first side doors being mounted upon the adjacent ones of said upper and lower rail struc- 10. The railway car set forth in claim 7, wherein said tures for lateral movements between in and on positions respectively disposed in corresponding innerand outer upstanding planes at the adjacent open side of said body, each of said first side doors in its out position also being mounted upon the adjacent tones of said upper and lower rail structures for longitudinal movements therealong in either direction in the adjacent outer plane, each of said second side doors being mounted upon the adjacent ones of said upper and lower rail structures for longitudinal movements therealong in either direction in the adjacent inner plane, in each of said sets the adja-' of said body, said first side doors in their on positions body bolsters arranged in longitudinally spaced-apart relation and respectively positioned longitudinally inwardly with respect to the adjacent ones of said, end sills and with the outer ends of said body bolsters rigidly secured to the adjacent portions of said side sills; and further comprising a longitudinally extending and substantially centrally disposed draft-half beam slidably mounted upon said body bolsters, the outer ends of said beam respectively projecting longitudinallyoutwardly with respect to the adjacent' ones of said end sills and being adapted respectively to carry a pair of draft gears, and mechanism interconnecting said underframe and said beam and accommodating limited cushioned relative longitudinal movements therebetween. 7

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,400,140 12/21 Gallery -378 2,166,475 7/39 Munro et al. 105-378 2,320,216 5/43 Brister 20-23 2,930,332 3/ 60 Copk et a1, 105378 2,942,561 6/60 Cheshire 105-409' 3,006,483 10/61 Baillie et a1. 2138 7 3,056,176 10/62 LEO QUACKENBUSH, Primary Examiner.

in claim 7, wherein said underframe further includes a longitudinally extending center sill arranged substantially centrally between said Soddy 20-23 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No 3 ,190, 239 June 22 196 Edward L. Davis et a1 a,

It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent reqiiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.

Column 13, line 75, for "of said body, said first side doors in their "out" positions" read cent ones of said firs side doors in their "in" positions column 14, line 4, for IHOnHY "out" Signed and sealed this 16th day of November 1965.

(SEAL) Altest:

ERNEST W. SWIDER EDWARD J. BRENNER Altcsting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

1. IN RAILWAY CAR BODY COMPRISING A SUBSTANTIALLY RECTANGULAR FLOOR, A SUBSTANTIALLY RECTANGULAR ROOF ARRANGED IN SUPERIMPOSED RELATION WITH SAID FLOOR, A PAIR OF UPSTANDING END WALLS RESPECTIVELY ARRANGED AT THE OPPOSITE ENDS OF SAID BODY, EACH OF SAID END WALLS JOINING BOTH THE ADJACENT END OF SAID FLOOR AND THE ADJACENT END OF SAID ROOF, WHEREBY SAID BODY IS OF ELONGATED BOX-LIKE CONFIGURATION AND HAVING A PAIR OF OPPOSED SIDES THAT ARE OPEN SUBSTANTIALLY BETWEEN SAID END WALLS, A PAIR OF ELONGATED LONGITUDINALLY EXTENDING LOWER RAIL STRUCTURES RESPECTIVELY CARRIED BY THE OPPOSITE LOWER SIDE PORTIONS OF SAID BODY ADJACENT TO THE OPPOSITE SIDES OF SAID FLOOR AND RESPECTIVELY EXTENDING SUBSTANTIALLY BETWEEN SAID END WALLS, A PAIR OF ELONGATED LONGITUDINALLY EXTENDING UPPER RAIL STRUCTURES RESPECTIVELY CARRIED BY THE OPPOSITE UPPER SIDE PORTIONS OF SAID BODY ADJACENT TO THE OPPOSITE SIDES OF SAID ROOF AND RESPECTIVELY EXTENDING SUBSTANTIALLY BETWEEN SAID END WALLS, AND TWO SETS OF UPSTANDING SIDE DOORS RESPECTIVELY ARRANGED AT THE OPPOSITE OPEN SIDES OF SAID BODY AND RESPECTIVELY CARRIED BY THE ADJACENT ONES OF SAID UPPER AND LOWER RAIL STRUCTURES, EACH OF SAID SETS OF SIDE DOORS INCLUDING A PLURALITY OF INDIVIDUAL FIRST SIDE DOORS OF THE PLUG-SLIDING TYPE AND A PLURALITY OF INDIVIDUAL SECOND SIDE DOORS OF THE SIMPLE SLIDING TYPE, EACH OF SAID FIRST SIDE DOORS BEING MOUNTED UPON THE ADJACENT ONES OF SAID UPPER AND LOWER RAIL STRUCTURES FOR LATERAL MOVEMENTS BETWEEN "IN" AND "OUT" POSITIONS RESPECTIVELY DISDPOSED IN CORRESPONDING INNER AND OUTER UPSTANDING PLANES AT THE ADJACENT OPEN SIDE OF SAID BODY, EACH OF SAID FIRST SIDE DOORS IN ITS "OUT" POSITION ALSO BEING MOUNTED UPON THE ADJACENT ONES OF SAID UPPER AND LOWER RAIL STRUCTURES FOR LONGITUDINAL MOVEMENTS THEREALONG IN EITHER DIRECTION IN THE ADJACENT OUTER PLANE, EACH OF SAID SECOND SIDE DOORS BEING MOUNTED UPON THE ADJACENT ONES OF SAID UPPER AND LOWER RAIL STRUCTURES FOR LONGITUDINAL MOVEMENTS THEREALONG IN EITHER DIRECTION IN THE ADJACENT INNER PLANE, IN EACH OF SAID SETS THE ADJACENT ONES OF SAID FIRST SIDE DOORS IN THEIR "IN" POSITIONS IN THE ADJACENT INNER PLANE COOPERATING WITH EACH OTHER AND WITH THE ADJACENT ONES OF SAID SECOND SIDE DOORS IN THE ADJACENT INNER PLANE TO CLOSE THE ADJACENT OPEN SIDE OF SAID BODY, SAID FIRST DOORS IN THEIR "OUT" POSITIONS BEING MOVABLE LONGITUDINALLY IN THE ADJACENT OUTER PLANE INTO COVERING RELATION WITH CORRESPONDING ADJACENT ONES OF SAID SECOND SIDE DOORS IN THE ADJACENT INNER PLANE SO AS TO PRODUCE A COMPOSITE DOORWAY INTO THE ADJACENT OPEN SIDE OF SAID BODY, EACH OF SAID SECOND SIDE DOORS BEING SELECTIVELY MOVABLE LONGITUDINALLY IN THE ADJACENT INNER PLANE UNDER THE ADJACENT ONES OF SAID FIRST SIDE DOORS IN THEIR "OUT" POSITIONS IN THE ADJACENT OUTER PLANE SO AS TO LOCATE THE COMPOSITE SIDE DOORWAY INTO THE ADJACENT OPEN SIDE OF SAID BODY AT ANY LONGITUDINAL POSITION THEREALONG BETWEEN SAID END WALLS, WHEREBY LADING MAY BE READILY PLACED AND REMOVED WITH RESPECT TO SAID BODY AT ANY LONGITUDINAL POSITION THEREALONG AND FROM EITHER OPEN SIDE THEREOF THROUGH AN IMMEDIATELY ADJACENT AND CONVENIENT COMPOSITE SIDE DOORWAY THEREINTO. 